Norfloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibacterial agent occasionally used to treat common as well as complicated urinary tract infections. It is sold under various brand names with the most common being Noroxin. In form of ophthalmic solutions it is known as Chibroxin (Apiflox eye drops in Jordan ). Norfloxacin is a first generation synthetic fluoroquinolone […]

Ceftiofur is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin type (third generation), licensed for use in veterinary medicine. It was first described in 1987. It is marketed by pharmaceutical company Pfizer as Excenel, and is the active ingredient in that company’s Specramast LC (lactating cow formula) product.

Carbadox is a drug that combats bacterial infection in swine, particularly swine dysentery. In early 2004 it was banned by the Canadian government as a livestock feed additive and for human consumption, since it is carcinogenic and induces birth defects, as was shown in animal experiments. The European Union also forbids the use of Carbadox […]

Atrazine is a member of the widely used group of Triazine pesticides. It shows great solubility in water and long stability in soils. Due to its toxicity, Atrazine presents a persistent problem as a contaminant of water supplies and so requires careful monitoring and treatment. Persistence of Atrazine in soils may result in crop inhibition. […]

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone (mineralocorticoid family) produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland to regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood. It is synthesized from cholesterol by aldosterone synthase, which is absent in other sections of the adrenal gland. It acts in the kidney promoting the […]

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone (mineralocorticoid family) produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland to regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood. It is synthesized from cholesterol by aldosterone synthase, which is absent in other sections of the adrenal gland. It acts in the kidney promoting the […]

Heroin is an opioid analgesic synthesized by C.R. Alder Wright in 1874 by adding two acetyl groups to the molecule morphine, found in the opium poppy. It is the 3,6-diacetyl ester of morphine. Heroin itself is an active drug, but it is also converted into morphine in the body.

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as trigeminal neuralgia. It is also used off-label for a variety of indications, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, phantom limb syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome, paroxysmal extreme pain disorder, neuromyotonia, intermittent explosive disorder, borderline […]

Haloperidol is a butyrophenone antipsychotic drug that has strong central antidopaminergic activity. It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychotic states and delirium. It has many adverse side effects and the dosage and metabolism of this drug must be closely monitored.

Buprenorphine (C29 H41 NO4) is a prescription medication for people addicted to heroin or other opiates that acts by relieving the symptoms of opiate withdrawal such as agitation, nausea and insomnia. Buprenorphine is more weakly addictive and has a lower risk of overdose than methadone. The effects last for about three days.