Barbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system depressants, and can therefore produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to total anesthesia. They are also effective as anxiolytics, as hypnotics, and as anticonvulsants. Barbiturates also have analgesic effects, however these effects are somewhat weak, preventing barbiturates from being used in surgery in […]

Cotinine is a chemical derived from the catabolism of nicotine, which is found in cigarette smoke. Since cotinine can be made only from nicotine, and since nicotine enters the body with cigarette smoke, cotinine measurements can show how much cigarette smoke enters the body in a given time. Cotinine itself is not harmful.

Cortisone, a naturally occurring corticosteroid, C21H28O5, that functions primarily in carbohydrate metabolism and is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, adrenal insufficiency, certain allergies, and gout.

Cortisol is the most potent glucocorticoid produced by the human adrenal. It is synthesized from cholesterol and its production is stimulated by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which is regulated by corticotropin releasing factor (CRF). ACTH and CRF secretions are inhibited by high cortisol levels in a negative feedback loop. In plasma a majority of cortisol […]

Nortriptyline is a second-generation tricyclic antidepressant (TCA).

Nandrolone (19-nortestosterone) is an anabolic steroid that may be present naturally in the human body, albeit in minute quantities of less than 0.4 ng/ml.[citation needed] Nandrolone is most commonly sold commercially as its decanoate ester (Deca-Durabolin) and less commonly as a phenylpropionate ester (Durabolin). Nandrolone decanoate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal […]

Norsertraline is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is primarily used to treat major depression in adult outpatients as well as obsessive–compulsive, panic and social anxiety disorders in both adults and children.

beta-agonists are compounds having a stimulatory effect on beta-adrenergic receptors and are used in human and veterinary medicine as bronchodilatory agents. The group includes drugs such as clenbuterol, carbuterol, salbutamol, methylclenbuterol, brombuterol, terbutaline, mabuterol, pirbuterol and mapenterol. The metabolism of beta-agonists is dependent on the chemical properties of each drug, with excretion reported in bile, […]

Chlormadinone (INN, BAN) is a steroidal progestin which was never marketed. An acylated derivative, chlormadinone acetate, is widely used clinically used as a pharmaceutical drug.While chlormadinone is sometimes used as a synonym for chlormadinone acetate, what is almost always being referred to is actually chlormadinone acetate and not chlormadinone.

Norfluoxetine is a N-desmethyl metabolite of fluoxetine which acts as a selective serotonin inhibitor via blocking the reuptake of serotonin. It is believed that the substitution on the phenoxy ring determines the affinity of this inhibitor to monoamine transporters. It is a more potent inhibitor of serotonin uptake than fluoxetine with a half-life in vivo […]