Antibiotic. Potent anticancer compound. Cell permeable, potent, selective and irreversible 20S proteasome inhibitor. Predominantly inhibits the chymotrypsin-like (CTRL) activity of the proteasome. Exhibits lower level inhibition of proteasome trypsin-like and caspase-like activitives (100 and 1,000-fold slower rates respectively). Anti-inflammatory. Antimicrobial and antimalarial. Anti-parasitic. Stimulates bone formation by inhibiting osteoblast proteasome activity. Induces Parkinson’s-like symptoms in rats. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy serve as two complementary, reciprocally regulated protein degradation systems. Blockade of UPS by Epoxomicin activates autophagy.