(2S,3S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic Acid is an analyte in the study of patients with β-ketothiolase deficiency. It is also used in the synthesis of the pentasaccharide hapten from the glycopeptidolipid antigen of a Mycobacterium avium, an infectious bacterium.

(2S,3S)-3-Hydroxy-2-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is a compound with a common structural moiety found in many medical significant products.