HVEM belongs to the TNF Receptor superfamily of transmembrane proteins, and plays a role in the activation of T-cells and other lymphocytes. It is expressed in various cells and tissues, including spleen, thymus, lung, macrophages, and T-cells. HVEM activation induces a signaling cascade that results in the induction of transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1. LIGHT (TNFSF14) and TNF-β (TNFSF1) function as the ligands for HVEM, which can also bind specifically to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D. Soluble HVEM, which tends to form disulfide-linked heterodimeric complexes in solution, can act as a “receptor decoy” resulting in inhibition of the activity of the HVEM ligands, LIGHT and TNF-β. Recombinant Human HVEM-Fc Chimera is a 376 amino acid fusion protein that contains an N-terminal domain corresponding to the extracellular region of HVEM, and a C-terminal domain corresponding to residues 102 to 330 of human IgG1.