Hispidol is a potent inhibitor of TNF-α–induced monocyte adhesion to colon epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.50 μM, and effectively suppresses LPS-induced TNF-α gene expression. Its inhibition of TNF-α is linked to reduced AP-1 transcriptional activity, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for IBD.

Hispidol is a potent inhibitor of TNF-α–induced monocyte adhesion to colon epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.50 μM, and effectively suppresses LPS-induced TNF-α gene expression. Its inhibition of TNF-α is linked to reduced AP-1 transcriptional activity, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for IBD.

Roflumilast N-oxide is an inhibitor of PDE type 4.

Compound E (γ-Secretase-IN-1) is a potent inhibitor of γ-secretase, which blocks γ-secretase-mediated cleavage of Notch with an IC50 of 0.32 nM. It also suppresses the production of β-amyloid(40) and β-amyloid(42) with IC50 values of 0.24 nM and 0.37 nM, respectively. It also inhibits Notch signalling, significantly disrupting gonadotropin-dependent follicle growth and halting progression to the […]

Compound E (γ-Secretase-IN-1) is a potent inhibitor of γ-secretase, which blocks γ-secretase-mediated cleavage of Notch with an IC50 of 0.32 nM. It also suppresses the production of β-amyloid(40) and β-amyloid(42) with IC50 values of 0.24 nM and 0.37 nM, respectively. It also inhibits Notch signalling, significantly disrupting gonadotropin-dependent follicle growth and halting progression to the […]

Nangibotide TFA is a synthetic peptide that specifically inhibits the TREM‐1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1) pathway by acting as a decoy receptor to block its activation. It reduces excessive inflammation, restores vascular function, and improves survival in animal models of septic shock.

Cytochrome c is a mitochondrial protein essential for electron transport and energy production. Upon apoptotic signals, it binds cardiolipin, gains peroxidase activity, and triggers cell death via caspase activation. Its function is tightly regulated by tissue-specific phosphorylation and ATP binding, which control respiration, ROS production, and apoptosis sensitivity.

Cytochrome c is a mitochondrial protein essential for electron transport and energy production. Upon apoptotic signals, it binds cardiolipin, gains peroxidase activity, and triggers cell death via caspase activation. Its function is tightly regulated by tissue-specific phosphorylation and ATP binding, which control respiration, ROS production, and apoptosis sensitivity.