Cholecystokinin Octapeptide, desulfated, (CCK-8 (desulphated)) is a synthetic peptide lacking the sulfate group on its tyrosine residue, reducing its activity at CCK-A receptors while allowing selective binding to CCK-B receptors. It is used in research to study central and gastric effects mediated by CCK-B receptors, independent of digestive enzyme stimulation.

Ammonium bicarbonate is a bioactive chemical.

Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) is an immunogenic stimulus, containing microbial TLR ligands, a strong inducer of Th1-type immune responses and is commonly used to trigger autoimmune disease in rodents. Induction of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) requires CFA to be administered twice along with a myocarditogenic peptide to establish the proinflammatory environment essential for disease development.

TLR4-IN-C34-C2-COO is a linker that incorporates TLR4 inhibitor TLR4-IN-C34. TLR4-IN-C34 inhibits TLR4 in enterocytes and macrophages, and reduces systemic inflammation in mouse models of endotoxemia and necrotizing enterocolitis.

Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate(NSC173328) is the calcium salt of levomefolic acid, which has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease and advanced cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers.

Nociceptin, a heptadecapeptide, is the endogenous ligand of the nociceptin receptor, acting as a potent anti-analgesic.

Phosphomycin calcium (MK-0955) calcium is a blood-brain barrier penetrating, broad-spectrum antibiotic by irreversibly inhibiting an early stage in cell wall synthesis. Fosfomycin calcium shows both in vivo and in vitro activity against a wide range of bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria.

Penconazole is a typical triazole fungicide, and mainly applied on apples, grapes, and vegetables to control powdery mildew. Penconazole inhibits sterol biosynthesis in fungi. Penconazole decrease AChE activity in the cerebrum and cerebellum of rats.

Telotristat ethyl (LX1032) is a novel, orally-delivered inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase that reduces serotonin production.

alkyl-dimethyl-benzylammonium chloride is a potent anti-microbial agent, used as a preservative in eye drops.