Lidocaine belongs to the family of medicines called local anesthetics. When lidocaine is applied to the skin, it produces pain relief by blocking the signals at the nerve endings in the skin. Lidocaine topical systems are used to relieve pain and discomfort associated with herpes zoster virus infection of the skin (shingles).

Bupivacaine, marketed under the brand name Marcaine among others, is a medication used to decrease feeling in a specific area. Bupivacaine is an amide-type, long-acting local anesthetic. Bupivicaine reversibly binds to specific sodium ion channels in the neuronal membrane, resulting in a decrease in the voltage-dependent membrane permeability to sodium ions and membrane stabilization; inhibition […]

Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial antibiotic. Ofloxacin binds to and inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair, resulting in cell death in sensitive bacterial species. (NCI04)

Oxacillin is a parenteral, second generation penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat moderate-to-severe, penicillinase-resistant staphylococcal infections. Oxacillin has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent, idiosyncratic liver injury, but it more commonly causes transient elevations in serum aminotransferases without jaundice.

Aminobenzoic Acid is an organic acid with UV absorption and antifibrotic properties. When exposed to light, aminobenzoic acid (para-aminobenzoic acid or PABA) absorbs UV light and emits excess energy via a photochemical reaction that may cause damage to DNA. Because DNA defects contribute to skin cancer, aminobenzoic acid is no longer widely used in sunscreen […]

Diatrizoate Meglumine is the meglumine salt form of diatrizoate, an organic, iodinated, radiopaque X-ray contrast medium used in diagnostic radiography. The iodine moiety of diatrizoate meglumine is not penetrable by X-rays, therefore blocks the X-ray film exposure by radiation. This makes it possible to distinguish on X-ray film, body parts that contain diatrizoate meglumine from […]

Mepivacaine is an amide-type local anesthetic agent. At the injection site, mepivacaine binds to specific voltage-gated sodium ion channels in neuronal cell membranes, which inhibits both sodium influx and membrane depolarization. This leads to a blockage of nerve impulse initiation and conduction and results in a reversible loss of sensation. Compared to other local anesthetics, […]

Meropenem is a carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively. It has a role as an antibacterial drug, an antibacterial agent and a drug allergen. It is a carbapenemcarboxylic acid, a pyrrolidinecarboxamide, an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and […]

Mesalamine, also known as mesalazine and 5-aminosalicylate, is an orally available, antiinflammatory agent used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis to both induce and maintain remissions in disease. Mesalamine therapy has been associated with a low rate of serum enzyme elevations during therapy and with rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Acetylcysteine is a synthetic N-acetyl derivative of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine, a precursor of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione. Acetylcysteine regenerates liver stores of glutathione. This agent also reduces disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, resulting in liquification of mucus. Some evidence suggests that acetylcysteine may exert an anti-apoptotic effect due to its antioxidant activity, possibly preventing […]