Human TNF-alpha is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response. It is produced by various immune cells such as macrophages and T-cells and is involved in the regulation of immune cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also known as cachectin, is a cachectin, is a polypeptide cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages. TNFα receptor signaling can simultaneously activate caspase 8, the transcription factor, NF-κB and the kinase, JNK. Human TNF-α shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71%-92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, […]

IL28A (Interferon-lambda 2; IFN-lambda 2), IL-28B/IFN-lambda 3, and IL-29/IFN-lambda 1 are type III interferons which are distantly related to IL-10 family and type I IFN family cytokines. Mature human IL-28A is an approximately 22-25 kDa protein that shares 66% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-28A and shows cross-species activity. It shares […]

IL-28B (also named interferon-lambda 3, IFN-lambda 3), IL-28A (IFN-lambda 2) and IL-29 (IFN-lambda 1) are type III interferons that are class II cytokine receptor ligands. They are distantly related to members of the IL-10 family and type I IFN family. Human IL-28B cDNA encodes a 200 amino acid (aa) protein with a 25 aa signal […]

IFN-τ is a new class of type I IFN that is secreted by the trophoblast and is the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy in sheep. IFN-τ has potent immunosuppressive and antiviral activities similar to other type I IFN but is less cytotoxic than IFN-α/β. The current investigation concerns the effect of recombinant ovine IFN-tau […]

Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), also known as leukocyte interferon, represents a group of related but distinct proteins that share over 95% amino acid sequence homology. They are members of the type I interferon family which share a common cell surface receptor composed of two subunits, a 100 kDa ligand-binding subunit (IFN-alpha R2) and a 125 kDa ligand […]

IFN λ1, 2, and 3 (also known as IL-29, IL-28A and IL-28B respectively) are distantly related to the IL-10 family and the interferons. All three IFN-lambdas use a distinct receptor system composed of an IFN-λR1 subunit (also called CRF2-12) and IL-10R2 subunit (also called CRF2-14). Signaling through this receptor system induces antiviral defenses similar to, […]

Interferons (IFN) are a family of cytokines with potent antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory properties, classified based on their binding specificity to cell surface receptors. There are more than a dozen closely related IFN alpha subtypes found in both the human and mouse genome, each sharing about 80% amino acid (aa) sequence homology. There are several […]

Interferons (IFN) are a family of cytokines with potent antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory properties, classified based on their binding specificity to cell surface receptors . Human IFNA2 was originally cloned in the early ‘80s and now more than a dozen closely related IFN alpha subtypes have been identified in both the human and mouse genome, […]