The thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and its prohormone, thyroxine (T4), are tyrosine-based hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism. Iodine is necessary for the production of T3 and T4. A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased production of T3 and T4, enlarges the thyroid tissue and will cause […]

Theophylline is a methylxanthine drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as COPD and asthma under a variety of brand names.

Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group and is found in mammals, reptiles, birds, and other vertebrates. In mammals, testosterone is secreted primarily by the testicles of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic […]

Vitamin B3 is a water-soluble vitamin whose derivatives such as NADH, NAD, NAD+, and NADP play essential roles in energy metabolism in the living cell and DNA repair. The designation Vitamin B3 also includes the amide form, nicotinamide or niacinamide. Severe lack of Vitamin B3 causes the deficiency disease pellagra, whereas a mild deficiency slows […]

Progesterone also known as P4 (pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) is a C-21 steroid hormone involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy (supports gestation) and embryogenesis of humans and other species. Progesterone belongs to a class of hormones called progestogens, and is the major naturally occurring human progestogen.

Zopiclone is a short-acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic of the imidazopyridine class that potentiates GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to GABAA receptors at the same location as benzodiazepines.

Zolpidem is an?imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine?compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a?methyl?substituent at the 6-position. It has a role as a central nervous system depressant, a?GABA?agonist and a sedative.

Phencyclidine, alsoknown as angel dust and myriad other street names, is a recreational,dissociative drug formerly used as an anesthetic agent, exhibitinghallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. Developed in Germany in 1926, it wasfirst patented in 1952 by the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company and marketedunder the brand name Sernyl. In chemical structure, PCP is anarylcyclohexylamine derivative, and, in pharmacology, […]