3,5-Diiodotyrosine Dihydrate (Iodogorgoic acid, apothyrin, jodgorgon) is a product from the iodination of monoiodotyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, diiodotyrosine residues are coupled with other monoiodotyrosine or diiodotyrosine residues to form T4 or T3 thyroid hormones.

Gamma-oryzanol (GO), a nutriactive phytochemical naturally occurring in crude rice bran oil, is an antioxidant compound used to treat hyperlipidemia, disorders of menopause and to increase the muscle mass. γ-Oryzanol is a potent DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor in the striatum of mice. γ-Oryzanol significantly inhibits the activities of DNMT1 (IC50=3.2 μM), DNMT3a (IC50=22.3 μM).

Tetramethylpyrazine (ligustrazine, TMP) is a natural compound isolated from Chinese herbal medicine Ligusticum wallichii (Chuan Xiong) with anti-inflammation, antioxidant, antiplatelet, and antiapoptosis activities.

VPA (Valproic acid) is a fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is also a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and is under investigation for treatment of HIV and various cancers. Valproic acid (VPA) induces autophagy and mitophagy by upregulation of BNIP3 and mitochondrial biogenesis by upregulating PGC-1α. Valproic acid activates […]

L-Cycloserine (Levcycloserine, Levcicloserina, Levcycloserinum, (-)-Cycloserine, (S)-Cycloserine) is a potent inhibitor of the sphingolipid pathway via inhibiting 3-ketodihydrosphingosine synthetase. It also inhibits HIV-1 cytopathic effects, replication, and infectivity.

Hydroumbellic acid (2,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid) is used as pharmaceutical intermediates.

Spermine (4,9-Diaza-1,12-dodecanediamine) is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism found in all eukaryotic cells. It is found in a wide variety of organisms and tissues and is an essential growth factor in some bacteria.

N-Sulfo-glucosamine sodium salt (N-sulfoglucosamine sodium salt) is a member of the class of compounds known as hexoses that is soluble (in water) and an extremely strong acidic compound. It locates in the cytoplasm within the cells.

Maltitol (Maltisorb, 4-O-α-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol) is a sugar alcohol (polyol) used as a sugar substitute. It is especially useful in the production of sweets, including sugarless hard candies, chewing gum, chocolates.

Tannic acid (Gallotannic acid), a polyphenolic compound, is a CXCL12/CXCR4 inhibitor with antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity.