(+)-Borneol is one of enantiomers of borneol which is a valuable medical material, senior aromatic spice, and chemical material and has been used in food and also folk medicine.

Higenamine (Norcoclaurine, (+-)-Demethylcoclaurine), also known as Norcoclaurine HCl, is a non-selective β2 adrenoceptor agonist which is a chemical compound naturally occurring in a number of plants.

Dihydroactinidiolide is known to be a bioactive molecule in animals. It is a component of pheromones in insects, such as red fire ants and in mammals such as the Cat and the Red Fox.

DL-Glutamine (Glutamin, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes.

Mucic Acid (Schleimsaure, Saccharolactic acid, Tetrahydroxyadipic acid, D-Glucaric acid, Galactaric acid) is the dicarboxylic sugar acid resulting from oxidation glactose with dilute nitric acid. It is a substrate of galactarate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase.

Vanillyl Butyl Ether (4-(Butoxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol), an ether of monohydroxybenzoic acid, is added to food products as a flavoring agent. It is also present in cosmetics and personal care products as a fragrance ingredient, oral care agent, hair conditioning agent, and warming or cooling agent.

Nifuratel is a nitrofuran derivative with local antiprotozoal and antifungal activity and a broad spectrum of antibacterial action.

Flavone (2-Phenylchromone, 2-Phenyl-4-chromone, 2-Phenyl-4-benzopyron), a class of flavonoids, mainly found in spices and red or purple plant foods with antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, estrogenic, acetyl cholinesterase, anti-inflammatory activities and are also used in cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders etc.

Histamine, an organic nitrogenous compound, is involved in local immune responses regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus. It is a potent H1 and H2 receptor agonist. Histamine can be used to induce animal models of Gastric and Intestinal Ulcers.

Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid), a simple benzoic acid derived from plants and fruits, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Veratric acid reduces upregulated COX-2 expression, and levels of PGE2, IL-6 after UVB irradiation.