SC-514 (GK 01140) is an orally active, ATP-competitive IKK-2 inhibitor with IC50 of 3-12 μM, blocks NF-κB-dependent gene expression, does not inhibit other IKK isoforms or other serine-threonine and tyrosine kinases.

SN-38 (NK012) is an active metabolite of CPT-11, inhibits DNA topoisomerase I, DNA synthesis and causes frequent DNA single-strand breaks. SN-38 induces autophagy.

b-AP15 (NSC687852) is a deubiquitinases inhibitor for 19S proteasomes activity of Ub-AMC cleavage with IC50 of 2.1 μM.

MNS is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibits Syk, Src, p97 with IC50 of 2.5 μM, 29.3 μM and 1.7 μM, respectively.

MNS is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibits Syk, Src, p97 with IC50 of 2.5 μM, 29.3 μM and 1.7 μM, respectively.

Cis-Aconitic acid (cis-aconitate, Achilleic acid, Citridinic acid, Equisetic acid, Pyrocitric acid) is an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle produced by the dehydration of citric acid.

Maltol (Larixinic acid, Palatone, Veltol) is a naturally occurring organic compound that is flavour enhancer and flavouring agent.

Farnesol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol that is potent in treating antimetabolic disorders, anti-inflammation, showing antioxidant, anticancer, and antibiotic effects.

Purpurin (1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone, Hydroxylizaric acid, Verantin) is one of the natural colorants extracted from madder roots and other Rubiaceae family plants. It exhibits anti-angiogenic, antifungal, antibiotic, and antioxidative activities. Purpurin strongly inhibits the activities of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1.

3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) is one of the constituents of Polygalae Radix and may exert anti-seizure activity by acting at the GABAA/BZ receptor complex.