stachyose tetrahydrate is a natural sugar found in many foods like beans and vegetables.

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins, are a class of polyphenols found in a variety of plants. They are very powerful antioxidants that remove harmful free oxygen radicals from cells.

Flavin mononucleotide (riboflavin-5′-phosphate, FMN) is a biomolecule produced from riboflavin (vitamin B2) by the enzyme riboflavin kinase and functions as prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases including NADH dehydrogenase as well as cofactor in biological blue-light photo receptors.

Tylosin (Fradizine, Tylocine, Tylosine, Tylosin A) is a macrolide-class broad spectrum antibiotic that’s used in veterinary medicine to treat felines, canines and livestock.

Ademetionine (AdoMet, S-Adenosylmethionine, SAMe), also known as SAMe, is a specific form of the amino acid methionine known as S-adenosyl-methionine. It is essential for the formation of glutathione, a water-soluble peptide that helps the body fight free radicals.

Safflower Yellow (Safflor Yellow, SY), the main active constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine Safflower, is known as a neuroprotective agent that indirectly attenuates neuroinflammation.

7-Ethyl Camptothecin is an anti-cancer chemical that exhibits a strong activity against various murine tumors through Topo I (topoisomerase) inhibition.

Alpha-arbutin (alpha-Arbutoside, 4-hydroxyphenyl-D-lucopyranoside) is a synthetic and functional active ingredient for skin lightening.

Propyl gallate (Gallic acid propyl esterZ, n-Propyl gallate) is an antioxidant used in foods especially animal fats and vegetable oils, also in a wide variety of cosmetics and beauty care products.

Hydroquinine (Dihydroquinine), also known as dihydroquinine, is an organic compound and as a cinchona alkaloid closely related to quinine.