Naproxen is an anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. It is a nonselective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2.

4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone (furaneol, HDMF) is a naturally occurring substance found in a variety of fruits and has been shown to have antimicrobial activity.

GSK4112 is a functional Rev-erbα agonist with an EC50 of 0.4 μM. It represses the expression of gluconeogenic genes in liver cells and reduces glucose output in primary hepatocytes.

PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.

PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.

2,6-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (Anthraflavic acid, Anthraflavin) is a potent and specific inhibitor of cytochrome P-448 activity.

Benzyl cinnamate (Cinnamein, Benzylcinnamoate, Benzyl 3-phenylpropenoate, Cinnamic acid benzyl ester), a flavouring agent isolated from various plant species, is used in heavy oriental perfumes and as a fixative.

Benzoyleneurea (2,4-Dihydroxyquinazoline, Quinazolinedione, Quinazoline-2,4-diol) scaffold is used in the synthesis of novel protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitors. Benzoyleneurea possesses anti-bacterial activity.

Tetrahydropiperine (Cosmoperine), derived from piperine, can be used to treat convulsion, epilepsy, relieve pain, and control insects.

Raffinose (Melitose, Melitriose) is a complex carbohydrate, a trisaccharide composed of galactose, fructose, and glucose. It can be broken apart into galactose and sucrose via the enzyme alpha-galactosidase.