Creatine (Methylguanidoacetic acid) is a nitrogenous organic acid that occurs naturally in vertebrates. It facilitates the recycling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) primarily in muscle and brain tissue.Creatine can inhibits the JAK-STAT1 signal transmission by inhibiting the interaction of IFN-γ receptors with JAK2 in an ATP-independent manner, thereby inhibiting downstream pro-inflammatory gene expression.

Ectoine ( THP(B)) is a natural amino acid derivate with membrane stabilizing and inflammation reducing capacities. It is produced by bacteria living under extreme harsh environmental conditions where it serves as osmoregulatory compatible solute.

Vitamin A (Retinol) is a naturally occuring fat-soluble vitamin that is important for normal vision, the immune system, and reproduction. It also plays roles in normal functioning of heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs.

Indole-3-acetamide (3-Indolylacetamide) is an auxin precursor that is also used in the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid.

2-cyano-Pyrimidine is a cathepsin K inhibitor with an IC50 of 170 nM.

Isonipecotic acid (4-Piperidinecarboxylic acid, 4-Carboxypiperidine, Hexahydroisonicotinic acid) is a heterocyclic compound that mainly acts as a GABAA receptor partial agonist.

Lysine is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is required for growth and tissue repair.

Alanine is a naturally occuring non-essential amino acid that is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brainR, and the CNS.

L-aspartic Acid is one of non-essential amino acids and may be a neurotransmitter.

L-Methionine is an essential sulfur-containing, free-form amino acid, acts as an antioxidant promoter, and contributes to the synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe).