2-Aminoethanethiol (cysteamine, β-Mercaptoethylamine, 2-Mercaptoethylamine, Thioethanolamine, Mercaptamine) is a radiation-protective agent that oxidizes in air to form cystamine.

Glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. It is commonly used as a treatment for osteoarthritis. Glucosamine（GS） treatment selectively downregulates HIF-1α at the protein level in YD-8 cells via interference of production of the citric acid cycle metabolites.

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid (m-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-Carboxyphenol, m-Salicylic acid) is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of plasticisers, resins, pharmaceuticals, etc.

Quinaldic acid is a product of l-tryptophan catabolism, via kynurenic acid, found in human urine.

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is a xenobiotic metabolite produced by the biodegradation of phenanthrene by microorganisms.

3-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol is used as an intermediate to produce other chemicals.

Ethyl maltol (2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one, 2-Ethyl pyromeconic acid) is a common flavourant in some confectioneries.

RIPA-56 is a highly-potent, selective, and metabolically stable RIP1 (RIPK1) inhibitor.

CCCP (Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone, Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone), an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, is a protonophore mitochondrial uncoupler that increases membrane permeability to protons, leading to a disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), the protonophore, can inhibits STING-mediated IFN-β production via disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).

n-Butylidenephthalide ((Z)-Butylidenephthalide, 3-Butylidenephthalide, Butylidenephthalide), isolated from the chloroform extract of Angelica sinensis (AS-C), contributes to a range of biological activities, including diminution of angina, platelet aggregation, proliferation, non-specific spasmosis.,