Phellodendrine chloride, isolated from the Phellodrndron amurensis, exhibits immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities.

Crocin II (Crocin B, Crocetin gentiobiosylglucosyl ester, Tricrocin), a carotenoid chemical compound that is found in the flowers crocus and gardenia, is an antioxidant and neural protective agent.

Schisanhenol (Gomisin K3) is a compound derived from the fruit of a traditional Chinese herb Schisandra rubriflora, exhibiting strong inhibition toward UGT2B7.

Vaccarin, a major flavonoid glycoside found in Semen vaccariae, exhibits extensive biological activities including vascular endothelial cell protective effects.

Esculentoside A, isolated from the Chinese herb phytolacca esculenta, possesses a broad inhibitory effect on a panel of pro-inflammation molecules with less toxicity.

Complanatuside, a flavonoid compound isolated from Astragalus complanatus and Lysimachia christinae, has anti-inflammation, lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective effects.

Phytolaccagenin, a triterpenoid saponin, is the active component of Radix Phtolaccae.

Huperzine B, a natural alkaloid existed in Lycopodium plants, is a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and has neuroprotective effects.

Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine, Coptisine), a major component of the leaf of Chelidonium majus L., is a protoberberine-type alkaloid that has potential biological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity.

Ferulaldehyde (Coniferaldehyde, Ferulyl aldehyde) is a natural intermediate of polyphenol metabolism of intestinal microflora.