Didymin (Neoponcirin, Isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside) is a citrus-derived natural compound that kills p53 wild-type as well as drug-resistant p53-mutant neuroblastoma cells in culture. It possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer properties.

α-Cyperone (alpha-cyperone), a major active compound of Cyperus rotundus, exhibits biological activities, such as antivirulence, antigenotoxic, and antibacterial activities. α-Cyperone (alpha-cyperone) is associated with the down-regulation of COX-2, IL-6, Nck-2, Cdc42 and Rac1.

Berberrubine (Beroline, 9-Berberoline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from many medicinal plants, possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including glucose-lowering, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects.

Polygalic acid (Senegenic acid), a triterpenoid saponin, shows expectorant, emetic and stimulant effects.

Isocorynoxeine (7-Isocorynoxeine), a major alkaloid found in Uncaria rhynchophylla, exhibits wide beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and cardiocerebral vascular systems. Isocorynoxeine suppress 5-HT2A receptor-mediated current response with IC50 of 72.4 μM.

Isofraxidin (6,8-Dimethoxyumbelliferone), a bioactive coumarin compound isolated from the functional foods Siberian ginseng and Apium graveolens, is an anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent.

Polygalaxanthone III is a natural product with the efficacy of tranquilization, glaangal, eliminating sputum and detumescence. Polygalaxanthone III inhibits chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1 with an IC50 of 50.56 μM.

Narirutin (Naringenin-7-O-rutinoside, Isonaringin), a flavanone abundant in citrus fruits, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.

Protosappanin B (FT-0689654, Q-100961), extracted from Lignum Sappan, possesses anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation properties.

8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester (Barlerin, ND01), isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, promotes angiogenesis, which leads to the improvement of functional outcome after stroke.8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester can inhibts NF-κB.