Forsythoside A, one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, has been shown to possess anti-bacterial and immunomodulatory properties.

(20R)-Ginsenoside Rh1, isolated from the root of Panax Ginseng, exhibits various pharmacological activities including vasorelaxation, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and anticancer.

Cryptochlorogenic acid (4-Caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid), a phenolic acid found in various plant species, including Artemisia, honeysuckle, and H. sabdariffa, possesses antioxidant properties.

Topotecan(NSC609699,Nogitecan,SKFS 104864A) is an antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer that works by inhibiting DNA topoisomerases.

Neodiosmin (Diosmetin-7-neohesperidoside, Diosmetin-7-O-neohesperidoside), a flavone glycoside isolated from C. aurantium, is a strong antioxidant with potential applications in foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical preparations.

Ethyl vanillin acetate is acectate form of ethyl vanillin, which is a flavorant and is used in the production of chocolate.

Octyl gallate (Progallin O, n-Ocyl gallate, Stabilizer GA-8, Gallic acid octyl ester), a widely used food additive, shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

Ethyl 4-Methoxycinnamate (Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, 4-Methoxycinnamic Acid Ethyl Ester), a natural product found in K. galanga and C. zedoaria extracts, has anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, antifungal, larvicidal, and analgesic activities.

2′-Deoxyadenosine may be used as an energy source under energy stress conditions and to affect cAMP levels.

L-serine, one of the so-called non-essential amino acids, plays a central role in cellular proliferation.