Interleukin 6 (IL-6), which was originally identified as a B-cell differentiation factor, is now known to be a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the immune response, hematopoiesis, the acute phase response, and inflammation. IL-6 is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, 22-28 kDa phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, […]

IL-6 is similar to other interleukins in that it has a compact globular folding structure and is held in place by two disulfide bonds. The cysteine involved in forming these two disulfide bonds is highly conserved. IL-6, expressed by a variety of cells, regulates cell growth and differentiation in various tissues and is an important […]

Interleukin 6 (IL-6), which was originally identified as a B-cell differentiation factor, is now known to be a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the immune response, hematopoiesis, the acute phase response, and inflammation. IL-6 is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, 22-28 kDa phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, […]

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines (1-3). Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer. Mature rhesus IL‑5 shares 98%, 95%, 70%, 71%, 66%, 70%, 61% and 64% aa sequence identity with mature human, mangabey, mouse, rat, feline, equine, canine and […]

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines. Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer. The cDNA for mouse IL5 encodes a signal peptide and a 113 amino acid (aa) mature protein. Mature mouse IL5 shares 70%, 94%, 58%, 66%, 59% and […]

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines. Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer. The cDNA for rat IL-5 encodes a signal peptide and a 113 amino acid (aa) secreted mature protein. Mature rat IL-5 shares 70%, 94%, 56%, 63%, 59% […]

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a pleiotropic cytokine that induces differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to Th2 cells and produced by by mast cells, activated T cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Mature human IL-4 shares 55%, 39% and 43% aa sequence identity with bovine, mouse, and rat […]

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a monomeric, approximately 13 kDa-18 kDa Th2 cytokine that shows pleiotropic effects during immune responses. It is a glycosylated polypeptide that contains three intrachain disulfide bridges and adopts a bundled four alpha -helix structure. Rhesus IL-4 is synthesized with a 24 amino acid (aa) signal sequence. […]

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines . Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer. The cDNA for human IL-5 encodes a signal peptide and a 115 amino acid mature protein. Mature human IL-5 shares 70%, 70%, 62%, 71%, 70% and […]

IL-3 is a hematopoietic growth factor that promotes the survival, differentiation and proliferation of committed progenitor cells of the megakaryocyte, granulocyte-macrophage, erythroid, eosinophil, basophil and mast cell lineages. Produced by T cells, mast cells and eosinophils, IL-3 enhances thrombopoiesis, phagocytosis, and antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity. Its ability to activate monocytes suggests that IL-3 may have additional […]