TNF RII (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor II), also known as TNFRSF1B, p75/p80, and CD120b, is a widely expressed receptor for membrane-associated TNF-alpha and Lymphotoxin-alpha. Its activation initiates pro-inflammatory and pro-survival responses via NFkB-dependent signaling pathways, although it may also induce apoptosis.

TL-1A belongs to the TNF superfamily of ligands. It is expressed predominantly in endothelial cells, and to a lesser extent in the placenta, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle, pancreas, small intestine and colon. TL-1A inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.

AITRL, a member of the TNF superfamily, is expressed in endothelial cells, and signals through the AITR receptor. AITRL regulates T cell proliferation and survival, and effectuates the interaction between T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. The AITRL gene codes for a type II transmembrane protein comprised of 177 amino acids, including a 28 amino acid […]

TNF receptor 1 (TNF RI; also called TNF R-p55/p60 and TNFRSF1A) is a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein member of the TNF receptor superfamily, designated TNFRSF1A. Human TNF RI is a 455 amino acid (aa) protein that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and 190 aa ECD with a PLAD (pre-ligand assembly domain) that […]

APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand), also known as TNFSF13, TALL2, TRDL1, and CD256, is a member of the TNF ligand superfamily. It is synthesized as a 32 kDa proprotein which is cleaved by furin in the Golgi to release the active 17 kDa soluble molecule. Secreted human APRIL, which consists almost entirely of a single TNF […]

The human BAFF protein, or B-cell activating factor, is a crucial cytokine that plays a significant role in regulating the immune system and promoting B-cell survival and maturation. BAFF is primarily produced by immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It binds to specific receptors on B cells, allowing their development and preventing apoptosis […]

LIGHT (lymphotoxin-like, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for HVEM, a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes) is a member of the TNF superfamily and is designated TNFSF14. The gene for mouse LIGHT encodes a 239 amino acid residue (aa) type II transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a 37 aa N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a […]

RANKL and RANK are members of the TNF superfamily of ligands and receptors that play an important role in the regulation of specific immunity and bone turnover. RANK (receptor) was originally identified as a dendritic cell-membrane protein, which, by interacting with RANKL, augments the ability of dendritic cells. These dendritic cells then stimulate naïve T-cell […]

RANKL and RANK are members of the TNF superfamily of ligands and receptors that play an important role in the regulation of specific immunity and bone turnover. RANK (receptor) was originally identified as a dendritic cell-membrane protein, which, by interacting with RANKL, augments the ability of dendritic cells. These dendritic cells then stimulate naïve T-cell […]

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also called apoptosis 2 ligand (Apo2L) for its similarity in sequence, structure, and function to Fas Ligand/Apo1L, is a 33-35 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, designated TNFSF10. Mouse TRAIL cDNA encodes a 17 amino acid (aa) N-terminal intracellular domain, a 20 aa transmembrane domain and […]