Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin, is a member of a family of growth factors that includes prolactin, placental lactogens, proliferins, and somatolactin. It is synthesized primarily by somatotropes in the anterior pituitary and is stored in secretary granules. The pulsatile release of GH into circulation is regulated by the concerted actions of the […]

Thrombopoietin (TPO), is a key regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. The 353 amino acid (aa) human TPO precursor is cleaved to yield the 332 aa mature protein. Mature human TPO shares approximately 70% aa sequence homology with mouse and rat TPO. TPO and its receptor (c-Mpl) are the major regulators of megakaryocyte and platelet production […]

Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is expressed in embryonic tissues that are critical for the patterning of the developing central nervous system, somite, and limb. Shh-N is highly conserved, sharing >98% aa identity between mouse, human, rat, canine, porcine, and chicken Shh-N. The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins plays an essential role in metazoan development, and […]

Stem Cell Factor (SCF) which binds to the c-Kit receptor is produced by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The soluble and transmembrane forms of the protein are formed by alternative splicing of the same RNA transcript and the presence of both soluble and transmembrane SCF is required for normal hematopoietic function. SCF plays an important role […]

Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is expressed in embryonic tissues that are critical for the patterning of the developing central nervous system, somite, and limb. Shh-N is highly conserved, sharing >98% aa identity between mouse, human, rat, canine, porcine, and chicken Shh-N. The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins plays an essential role in metazoan development, and […]

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a potent hematopoietic growth factor required in regulating both embryonic and adult hematopoiesis. Mature stem cell factor consists of a 189 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 23 aa transmembrane domain, and a 36 aa cytoplasmic tail. Human SCF protein shares 79% 87% aa sequence identity with dog, cat, […]

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a potent hematopoietic growth factor required in regulating both embryonic and adult hematopoiesis. Mature stem cell factor consists of a 189 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 23 aa transmembrane domain, and a 36 aa cytoplasmic tail. Human SCF protein shares 79% 87% aa sequence identity with dog, cat, […]

SCF, also known as stem cell factor or kit ligand, is a cytokine that plays a critical role in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and early progenitor cells. SCF is primarily produced by bone marrow stromal cells and functions by binding to the c-kit receptor on the surface of hematopoietic cells. […]

RANKL and RANK are members of the TNF superfamily of ligands and receptors that play an important role in the regulation of specific immunity and bone turnover. RANK (receptor) was originally identified as a dendritic cell-membrane protein, which, by interacting with RANKL, augments the ability of dendritic cells. These dendritic cells then stimulate naïve T-cell […]

RANKL and RANK are members of the TNF superfamily of ligands and receptors that play an important role in the regulation of specific immunity and bone turnover. RANK (receptor) was originally identified as a dendritic cell-membrane protein, which, by interacting with RANKL, augments the ability of dendritic cells. These dendritic cells then stimulate naïve T-cell […]