Ovalbumin is a major glycoprotein found in egg whites, serving as a nutrient reserve for developing embryos and used in the food industry. It also induces a Th2 immune response in sensitized individuals, characterized by the production of cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, leading to airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and immune cell infiltration, key features in asthma models.