L-carnosine is an antioxidant naturally found in skeletal muscle, brain tissue, and the heart, it can scavenge oxygen free radicals and transition metal ions, block protein-protein and protein-DNA cross-links induced by hypochlorite anions and toxic aldehydes, inhibit nonenzymatic protein glycation induced by aldose and ketose reducing sugars and inhibit the formation of toxic advanced glycation end products (AGE).