Ginsenoside Rg1 (Ginsenoside A2, Panaxoside A, Panaxoside Rg1, Sanchinoside C1, Sanchinoside Rg1), one of the major active components of ginseng, is identified as a protopanaxatriol-type and has pharmacological actions such as neuroprotective and anti-tumor effects on various cancer types. Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces cerebral Aβ levels and NF-κB nuclear translocation.