Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate, a bile acid, is an amphiphilic surfactant molecule synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate activates the S1PR2 pathway in addition to the TGR5 pathway.In Vitro:The median plasma concentration of Taurodeoxycholate is 33.9 nM in healthy individuals.
Taurodeoxycholate inhibits the binding of N-3H-methylscopolamine to the M3 muscarinic receptor of acetylcholine with an IC50 of 170 μM.
Taurodeoxycholate (0.05-1.00 mM; 1-6 days) stimulates intestinal epithelial cell proliferation[2].
Taurodeoxycholate (0.05-1.00 mM; 24 h) induces a significant increase in S-phase concentration and a significant decrease in G1-phase concentration of the cell cycle, increases c-myc protein and mRNA expression in IEC-6 cells[2].
In Vivo:Taurodeoxycholate (0.5 mg/kg; i.v.; once) confers protection to C57BL/6N mice with sepsis, but does not protect TGR5 KO mice under sepsis.