LM11A-31 dihydrochloride, a non-peptide p75NTR (neurotrophin receptor p75) modulator, is an orally active and potent proNGF (nerve growth factor) antagonist. LM11A-31 dihydrochloride is an amino acid derivative with high blood-brain barrier permeability and blocks p75-mediated cell death. LM11A-31 dihydrochloride reverses cholinergic neurite dystrophy in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models with mid- to late-stage disease progression.