Potassium 3-(phenylsulfonyl) benzenesulfonate is a chemical compound that is used as an anti-aging agent. It has been shown to reduce the viscosity of acrylonitrile, and is most effective when it is at a concentration of 1%. Potassium 3-(phenylsulfonyl) benzenesulfonate also reduces the strain on polymer fibers, which can be caused by temperatures or deionized water. […]

A potent and selective in vitro mTOR inhibitor that targets the ATP domain of mTOR (IC50 = 8 nM). Inhibits other PI 3-Kinases only at much higher concentrations. Recently it has been shown that PP242 is a more effective mTORC1 inhibitor than Rapamycin.

Pramiracetam is an analogue of piracetam, chemical name: N-(2-(bis(isopropylamino)ethyl)-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide, is a new pyrrolidone-based brain function improver, indicated for the treatment of memory and recognition impairment, language impairment . Treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (Alzheimer’s disease). Pramiracetam, a pyrrolidone-based brain metabolism improver, is a central nervous system drug that improves memory and anti-amnesia, developed […]

Isolated from Serratia marcescens. Displays antibacterial, anticancer, cytotoxic, immunosuppressive, and antiproliferative activities. Prodigiosin induces apoptosis in hematopoietic cancer cells and cells derived from other human cancers, including gastric and colon with no marked toxicity in nonmalignant cell lines. Also acts as a mTORC1 and mTORC2 complex inhibitor.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a primary product of arachidonic metabolism and is synthesized via the cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin synthase pathways. PGE2 production is a commonly used method for the detection of COX-1 and COX-2 modulation and prostaglandin synthases. Its activity influences inflammation, fertility and parturition, gastric mucosal integrity, and immune modulation. The effects of […]

An allosteric phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) activator (Kd = 10.3 μM). Binds exclusively to the PIF-binding pocket of PDK1, distinct from the ATP binding site. It has recently been found that a combination of PS48, sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor and the gene Oct-4, could enhance the reprogramming efficiency of keratinocytes isolated from human […]

A natural stilbenoid related to Resveratrol. Displays anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-hypercholesterolemia, and anti-hypertriglyceridemia properties. Pterostilbene alters gene expression in pancreatic cancer and increases the antiproliferative markers cytochrome C, Smac/DIABLO, and MnSOD/antioxidant activity. It was also shown to inhibit phosphorylated STAT3, a marker of accelerated tumorigenesis, and decrease pancreatic tumor growth in vivo.

A 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine that promotes the differentiation of both human and murine mesenchymal progenitor cells into osteoblasts. It directly binds to and activates 7-transmembrane Smo receptor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway.

A potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity inhibitor. It inhibits HDAC activity in HeLa cell extracts with an IC50 of 27 nM. Belinostat significantly increases acetylation of histones H3 and H4 and potently inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cell lines (IC50 range from 0.5 to 2.5 µM) with cytotoxic activity preferentially against tumor cells.

Pyroxamide is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) (IC50 = 100 nM). It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.

Inhibits the GTPase activating protein of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARFGAP1) as well as synergizes the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell fate and behavior during embryogenesis, adult tissue homeostasis, and regeneration.

A plant-derived flavanoid. Cell-permeable. Inhibits PIM1 kinase (IC50 = 1.1 µM), PI 3-Kinase (IC50 = 3.8 µM) and phospholipase A2 (IC50 = 2 µM). Also acts as an anti-tumor agent; induces apoptosis and inhibits synthesis of heat shock proteins.

An immunosuppressant. Selectively blocks signaling that leads to p70 S6 kinase activation (IC50 = 50 pM). Inhibits lymphokine-induced cell proliferation at the G1 phase. Induces apoptosis in a murine B cell line. Rapamycin has been used in vivo studies by i.p., i.m., and i.v. administrations..

A biological antioxidant that helps protect cells from reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides. Glutathione is nucleophilic at sulfur and attacks poisonous electrophilic conjugate acceptors.

Cell-permeable. A TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) inhibitor. Inhibits ALK5 autophosphorylation (IC50 = 4 nM). Can replace one of the four reprogramming factors Sox-2. RepSox has been successfully used in the direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts through induction of Nanog transcription.

A phytoalexin found in the skin of red grapes and as a constituent in red wine. Displays anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Acts as an antioxidant and specific inihibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Resveratrol activates Sirtuin (SIRT1) gene, a gene that may be associated with cellular longevity and ability to slow down the aging process. Resveratrol was […]

Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that acts as a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). RAR and RXR heterodimerize and act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators, with roles in development, reproduction, immunity, organogenesis, and cancer. Retinoic acid primes embryonic stem cells to become neurons.

A cell-permeable, potent, and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonist (Ki = 0.66 μM) and an aurora kinase inhibitor (IC50’s of 30-550 nM for blast colony formation assay). Induces dedifferentiation in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The cells were also shown to regain multipluripotency following removal of the compound.

A DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor. RG108 causes demethylation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, but it does not affect the methylation of centromeric satellite sequences. In combination with BIX 01294 (Cat. No. 1678-5), RG 108 enhances reprogramming.

A natural analog of resveratrol with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity. Rhapontigenin was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Rhapontigenin protected against H2O2-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and cellular DNA damage, which are the main targets of oxidative stress-induced cellular damage.

A natural polyphenoic antioxidant carboxylic acid found in many Lamiaceae herbs. Displays anti-inflammatory, cytostatic and antiviral activities. Inhibits several complement-dependent inflammatory processes via inhibition of the C5 convertase.

Potent, reversible inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and 3 (HDAC3). Induces cell growth arrest at both G1 and G2 phases. Induces apoptosis.

Isolated from Saururus chinensis. Displays cytoprotective and antioxidant activities in cultured hepatocytes. Suppresses NF-kB p65 activity. Neuroprotective. Bone resorption/osteoclastogenesis inhibitor. Reduces ROS formation. Also acts as an AMPK activator.

An orally available pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor binding all HDAC isozymes with similar affinity (Kis = 16-28 nM) with the exception of HDAC6 and 7 (Kis = 247 and 104 nM, respectively). SB 939 demonstrates good bioavailability in vivo and significantly inhibits tumor growth in various xenograft mouse models at doses ranging from 25-100 mg/kg.

A potent and selective inhibitor of the TGF-β1 receptor ALK5 (IC50 = 94 nM). It inhibits ALK4 only at higher concentrations (IC50 = 140 nM). Suppresses renewal in embryonic and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and promotes their differentiation through its effect on Smad signaling pathway.

SBHA is a competitive histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that has been shown to inhibit HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.25 μM) and HDAC3 (IC50 = 0.30 μM). SBHA causes cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, or apoptosis. SBHA also enhances cytotoxicity induced by Oxaliplatin in the colorectal cancer cell lines.

An antibiotic Isolated from fungus Penicillium sp. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity inhibitor (IC50 = 19.4 µM). Weak antagonist of human endothelin receptor A (ETA) and B (ETB). A potent aldose reductase inhibitor and a potent reversible, non-competitive soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) inhibitor. Also acts as an antioxidant and a free radical scavenger.

A relatively non-toxic Inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Facilitates transcriptional activation (TGF-β/Smad4) in both stable and transient receptor assays in a concentration-dependent manner. At ~2 µg/mL (6-8 µM) concentrations, results in a greater than 100-fold increase in histone acetylation in PANC-1 cells.

Inhibits the cullin-RING ubiquitin E3 ligase SCF-Skp2. Selectively inhibits Skp2-mediated p27 degradation by reducing p27 binding. In cancer cells, the compound induces p27 accumulation and promotes cell type-specific blocks in G1 or G2/M phases.

A non-peptidic anti-diabetic agent and a receptor-selective glucagon antagonist. Also acts as an antioxidant, free radical and singlet oxygen species scavenger.

SMER-3 (Small molecule enhancer of rapamycin -3) is a selective inhibitor of a yeast SCF family E3 ubiquitin ligase (SCFMet30) in vitro and in vivo. Induces the expression of MET genes that results in cell cycle arrest and blockage of cell proliferation.

Inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Anti-neoplastic agent and transcriptional regulator. Also acts as an inducer of tumor cytostasis and differentiation.

A short chain fatty acid shown to be an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Induce apoptosis in colon carcinoma cell lines in a p53-independent pathway. Inhibits c-myc splicing and inteferes with signal transduction processes, including the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Downregulates the activity of serine/threonine protease kinase casein kinase II in HT29 cells.

Potent inhibitor of yeast NAD⁺-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2p (IC50 = 60 µM). Sensitizes mammalian cells to a variety of DNA-damaging agents by abrogating Sir2p activity on p53. Acts by either altering or blocking access to the acetylated histone binding pocket.

Ssioriside is a chemical compound found in the leaves of the plant Chrysanthemum morifolium, also known as Shiso. It has been shown to have chemopreventive effects against UVB-induced skin cancer in mice and is thought to be due to its ability to inhibit reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Ssioriside has been shown to […]

A cell-permeable analog of Staurosporine that primes embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for differentiation. Interacts with NME2 and inhibits its nuclear translocation. Increases the efficiency of directed differentiation of mouse and human ESCs in vitro.

A potent and selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) (IC50 = 0.03 µM for FGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) (IC50 = 0.02 µM for VEGFR2). In addition, integrin β4-induced differentiation of neural stem cells was attenuated by SU 5402.