Enoxacin is a fluoroquinolone that prevents bacterial growth by interfering with DNA replication, inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase (IC50 = 126 μg/ml) and topoisomerase IV (IC50 = 26.5 μg/ml). It demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its ability to bind to TAR RNA-binding protein 2, a microRNA biosynthesis protein, has been used to enhance the production of microRNAs with tumor suppressor functions to generate tumor-specific growth inhibitory effects in cancer models.