Curculigoside, isolated from the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, improved osteogenesis and inhibited osteoclastogenesis of hAFSCs, suggesting its potential use to regulate hAFSC osteogenic differentiation for treating bone disorders. It can promote calcium deposition and increase the levels of ALP and Runx2 in osteoblasts under oxidative stress via anti-oxidative character. Besides, Curculigoside can protect endothelial cells against oxidative injury induced by H(2)O(2), suggesting that this compound may constitute a promising intervention against cardiovascular disorders.