Drostanolone propionate is a synthetic anabolic steroid that has been shown to inhibit the growth of renal cell cancer cells. It is used as a component of isotonic solutions for sample preparation in mouse tumor studies. Drostanolone propionate also has a role in the treatment of radiation-induced bowel disease and may be useful in the treatment of other inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. In addition, drostanolone propionate may have a potential drug target in prostate cancer tissues because it inhibits epidermal growth factor (EGF) and is converted to estradiol benzoate, which inhibits EGF-induced proliferation of prostate epithelial cells.