Thiamethoxam is a broad spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide[2].In Vitro: The mean half-life of thiamethoxam among the different treatments was 3.7?days in the water column with concentrations of <0.8?μg/L in the majority of mesocosms by 56?days .
In Vivo: Thiamethoxam impairs honey bee visual learning, alters decision times, and increases abnormal behaviors[2].