Xylopine is an aporphine alkaloid with cytotoxic activity on cancer cells. Xylopine induces oxidative stress, causes G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells.In Vitro: Xylopine (3.5 μM-14?μM; 24-48?hours) displays potent cytotoxicity in a time- and does-depenpent manner.
Xylopine (72?h) has cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values ranging from 6.4 to 26.6?μM in eight different cancer cell lines (MCF7, HCT116, HepG2, SCC-9, HSC-3, HL-60, K-562, and B16-F10).
Xylopine (3.5 μM-14?μM; 24-48?hours) causes cell cycle block at the phase G2/M, which is followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation.
Xylopine (3.5 μM-14?μM; 24-48?hours) significantly increases the early and late apoptosis, induces mitochondrial depolarization, and increases caspase-3 activation.
Xylopine also causes an increase in the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), including hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide, but not superoxide anion, and reduces glutathione levels are decreased in Xylopine-treated HCT116 cells.HCT116 cells3.5 μM, 7 μM, and 14?μM 24 hours, 48?hoursInduced G2/M phase arrest.HCT116 cells3.5 μM, 7 μM, and 14?μM 24 hours, 48?hoursSignificantly increased the early and late apoptosis.