(2E)-2-Hexadecenoic acid is a trans-fatty acid which is used in the stereoselective preparation of azirine carboxylic esters via chiral thiourea-catalystic asymmetric Neber reaction of sulfonyloxyimines. It is also a component found in Axinelloside A, a lipopolysaccharide isolated from the Japanese marine sponge Axinella infundibula and a strong human telomerase inhibitor.