Cyclosporin A, a non-polar cyclic oligopeptide, is an immunosuppressive agent that binds to cyclophilin and then inhibits calcineurin with IC50 of 7 nM in a cell-free assay. Cyclosporin A is generally given following transplant surgery to prevent rejection and has been used to test its toxic effect on a perfused 3D proximal tubule model.Cyclosporin A (NSC 290193) can be used to induce animal models of Chronic Rejection of Liver Transplantation.